想必留學(xué)生們也知道，國(guó)外大學(xué)對(duì)于學(xué)術(shù)寫作的要求非常高，所以一些不太正式的詞語在 Assignment中是無法使用的。另外在寫 Assignment的時(shí)候，我們需要注意表達(dá)上一些禁忌，下面就給大家總結(jié)一下。

Assignment寫作七類禁忌語

1. Too informal

2. Too unsophisticated

3. Too vague

4. Too exaggerated

5. Too subjective

6. Generally unnecessary

7. Generally incorrect

第一類 Too informal

再次強(qiáng)調(diào)：學(xué)術(shù)寫作講究嚴(yán)肅正式，過于不正式的詞會(huì)大大降低你的分?jǐn)?shù)。

以下列舉一個(gè)留學(xué)生常用的不正式詞例子，及可改用的其它詞。

1. Isn’t, can’t, doesn’t, would’ve. The sample isn't....

Alternative（改為): The sample is not.....

2. The interviews were a bit difficult to schedule.

Alternative: The interviews were somewhat difficult to schedule

3. A lot of / a couple of studies

Alternative（改為）: (Many/several/a great number of/eight) studies

4. The findings were kind of / sort of significant

Alternative: The findings were (somewhat significant/significant to some degree)

5. From 2008 till 2012

Alternative（改為): From 2008 (until/to) 2012

6. You, your (i.e. the second-person point of view)

You can clearly see the results

Alternative（改為): One can clearly see the results. Or, the results can clearly be seen

以上列舉的只是部分非正式詞，其它口語中常用的詞也不是不夠正式。為了避免其它非正式詞的使用，可以多讀學(xué)術(shù)性語言的文章，如雅思劍橋真題后面的范文或者國(guó)外英文論文。注意，平時(shí)我們聽的speech, 電影美劇等的scripts不是學(xué)術(shù)性文字哦。

特別強(qiáng)調(diào)：為了讓大腦很快自然反應(yīng)用正式詞，我們需要加入正式詞的語音輸入，因?yàn)槟阍趯懳恼碌臅r(shí)候一般都是先想到這些詞的音的。因此，可以大聲讀出來標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)術(shù)段落，甚至可以背幾個(gè)句幾個(gè)段落。

第二類 Too unsophisticated words

Some words should not be used because they do not have a scholarly feel. As utilising too many simple terms makes your writing feel elementary, substitute more sophisticated words when possible. It’s also better to replace phrasal verbs with their one-word alternatives

太過于簡(jiǎn)單的詞不能使用，因?yàn)樗鼈儧]有學(xué)術(shù)的feel。如果用太多這樣的詞，你的寫作就感覺非常初級(jí)(就像是小學(xué)生寫的), 應(yīng)該盡量用一些比較復(fù)雜老練的詞來代替(當(dāng)然一定要用準(zhǔn)確)。另外，寫作中盡量用一個(gè)稍復(fù)雜的詞來代替短語，這樣學(xué)術(shù)feel更濃些。具體例子如下：

1. A bad result

Alternative（改為): A (poor/negative) result

2. A big sample

Alternative（改為): A (large/sizable) sample

3. This model gets attention

Alternative（改為): This model receives attention

4. This chapter gives an overview

Alternative: This chapter (provides/offers/presents) an overview

5. A good example

Alternative（改為): A (useful/prime) example

6. The below figure shows

Alternative: The below figure (illustrates/ demonstrates/ reveals)

第三類 Too vague

Using terms that are vague makes your writing imprecise and may cause people to interpret it in different ways. Avoid the below expressions and try to be as specific as possible.

原：People are concerned about their stuff.

改為： People are concerned about their (belongings, possessions, personal effects)

原：The report presents many things

改為：The report present many(details/findings/recommendations)

第四類 Too exaggerated

Academic writing is usually unadorned and direct. Some adverbs of frequency (such as always and never), superlatives (which are terms that indicate something is of the highest degree, such as the best), and intensifiers (which are words that create emphasis, such as very) are often too dramatic. They may also not be accurate – you’re making a significant claim when you say something is perfect or never happens.

These terms do sometimes add value, but try to use them sparingly.

原：Perfect, best, worst, most, always, never (or any other superlative) The perfect solution to the problem

改：(An ideal solution/one of the best solutions) to the problem

原：Very, extremely, really, too, so (or any other intensifier) This theory is extremely important

改：This theory is (important/critical/crucial)

第五類 Too subjective

Some words and phrases reveal your own opinion or bias. For instance, if you state that something will obviously happen, you are actually indicating that you think the occurrence is obvious – not stating a fact. Expressing your opinion is usually only appropriate in certain sections of a thesis (namely the preface, acknowledgements, discussion, and reflection), so take care when using words and phrases such as those below.

原： ugly, wonderful, horrible, good. The literature review included many good articles

改：The literature review included many articles

原：The participants naturally wanted to know

改：The participants wanted to know

原：The results obviously indicate

改：The results indicate

第六類 Generally unnecessary

You should strive to make your academic writing as concise as possible. Avoid adding words and phrases that do not create meaning, even if you think they give your writing a more refined feel.

原：This thesis has got four chapters

改：This thesis has four chapters

原：This chapter serves to explain

改：This chapter explains

第七類 Generally incorrect

It is not uncommon that words and phrases are used inappropriately, even by native speakers of a language. If you’re exposed to such mistakes often enough, you may start thinking they are correct – but it’s important that you don’t let them creep into your writing.

You should also bear in mind that some of these mistakes relate to things we all frequently mishear (for instance, we often think the speaker is saying would of instead of would have).

原：The students were literally dying to participate

改：The students were (dying/very eager) to participate

原： The study would of considered

改： The study would have considered

以上就是關(guān)于Assignment寫作的七類禁忌語，大家以后在寫作Assignment的時(shí)候一定要避開它們。